Definition
What is subplot?
A secondary storyline that supports the main plot.
Subplots are secondary storylines that run alongside the main plot, adding depth, variety, and complexity to your narrative. A great subplot mirrors or contrasts with the main theme, develops secondary characters, and eventually intersects with the main story. Subplots provide pacing relief—when the main conflict is intense, a lighter subplot offers breathing room. But every subplot must earn its place by enriching the main story, not distracting from it.
On the page
Subplot examples
“While Harry battles Voldemort, Ron and Hermione's relationship develops throughout the series.”
“As the main character solves the mystery, we follow his growing relationship with his partner.”
Famous examples in literature
Pride and Prejudice
Jane Austen
Jane and Bingley's romance is a subplot that mirrors and contrasts with Elizabeth and Darcy's more turbulent journey.
The Godfather
Mario Puzo
Michael's relationship with Kay runs as a subplot that shows his gradual corruption and the cost of power.
Breaking Bad
Vince Gilligan
Hank's investigation subplot slowly converges with Walter's main story, building toward inevitable collision.
For writers
How writers use subplot
- Connect subplot to main theme—it should say something about the same idea
- Resolve subplots before or during the climax, not after
- Use subplots to develop characters who serve the main plot
- Limit to 2-3 subplots; more creates confusion
Why it matters
- Adds depth and complexity to your narrative
- Develops secondary characters who would otherwise feel flat
- Provides pacing variety—relief between intense main plot moments
- Can mirror or contrast theme for richer meaning
Across different genres
The detective's personal life (divorce, addiction) runs alongside the case—often the case forces growth
A best friend's romantic journey mirrors the main couple's—often with contrasting dynamics
A secondary character's quest intersects with the main quest, providing allies or complications
The antagonist's preparations run parallel to the hero's investigation, building toward collision
Common pitfalls
- Unresolved subplots: Dropping threads frustrates readers
- Unconnected subplots: If it doesn't relate to theme or main plot, cut it
- Too many subplots: Complexity becomes confusion
- Subplot dominance: The main plot should stay central
Try it in your own writing
- Mystery: Create a subplot that seems unrelated to the case but provides the crucial clue
- Romance: Write a subplot for a secondary character that contrasts with the main romance
- Fantasy: Design a subplot that forces a secondary character to become essential to the main quest
Quick answers
Subplot FAQ
What is subplot?
A secondary storyline that supports the main plot. Subplots are secondary storylines that run alongside the main plot, adding depth, variety, and complexity to your narrative. A great subplot mirrors or contrasts with the main theme, develops secondary characters, and eventually intersects with the main story. Subplots provide pacing relief—when the main conflict is intense, a lighter subplot offers breathing room. But every subplot must earn its place by enriching the main story, not distracting from it.
What are some examples of subplot?
The examples on this page include Harry Potter series and Example of Subplot. Each one shows how the device works in context.
How can writers use subplot effectively?
Connect subplot to main theme—it should say something about the same idea Resolve subplots before or during the climax, not after Use subplots to develop characters who serve the main plot